08602.jpg Hermes on Ariane 5 drawingThumbnailsHermes orbit drawingHermes on Ariane 5 drawingThumbnailsHermes orbit drawingHermes on Ariane 5 drawingThumbnailsHermes orbit drawingHermes on Ariane 5 drawingThumbnailsHermes orbit drawing
Artist view of ESA’s Hermes spaceplane. Hatches for the ejection seats are visible on top of the cockpit. Hermes was Europe’s first attempt to develop a manned space transportation system. The reusable spaceplane, about half the size and one-fourth the mass of the U.S. space shuttle orbiter, was designed to fly a top a man-rated version of Ariane 5 in order to service the Columbus Attached Laboratory on the U.S.-led Freedom space station as well as the co-orbiting Man-Tended Free Flyer (MTFF), an autonomous European platform for microgravity science. Three to four flights per year were planned from Europe’s Spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana, with landing either in Kourou, Istres, France, or Almeria, Spain. The Hermes vehicle was designed in three parts: - The Hermes spaceplane (ASH), a reusable shuttle with delta wings, a crew cabin for three astronauts and a 25-cubic metre pressurized payload section, - The Hermes resource module (MRH), an expendable conical element with a 28-cubic metre pressurized module, radiators, an airlock and a docking port, - The Hermes propulsion module (MPH), for orbital transfer (not shown in this version). The Hermes programme was approved in 1987 by ESA’s ministerial council as part of the Columbus effort. However, after several technical hurdles, redesigns and delays, as well as shifts in political priorities in Europe after the fall of the Soviet block, it was turned into a technological programme in 1992 and eventually shut down. The MTFF was cancelled in 1991 and the Freedom space station was redesigned in 1992 as the International Space Station (ISS) with a major contribution from Russia. The Hermes programme led numerous technological developments in Europe, mostly in the fields of thermostructural materials, aerothermodynamics and piloted reentry, with ground testing conducted on several elements, such as the composite nose cap. Technologies developed for Hermes were later applied to various ESA programmes such as the Atmospheric Reentry Demonstrator (ARD) in 1997 or the X-38 demonstrator with NASA (cancelled in 2003).
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ESA - D. Ducros
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Artist view of ESA’s Hermes spaceplane. Hatches for the ejection seats are visible on top of the cockpit. Hermes was Europe’s first attempt to develop a manned space transportation system. The reusable spaceplane, about half the size and one-fourth the mass of the U.S. space shuttle orbiter, was designed to fly a top a man-rated version of Ariane 5 in order to service the Columbus Attached Laboratory on the U.S.-led Freedom space station as well as the co-orbiting Man-Tended Free Flyer (MTFF), an autonomous European platform for microgravity science. Three to four flights per year were planned from Europe’s Spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana, with landing either in Kourou, Istres, France, or Almeria, Spain. The Hermes vehicle was designed in three parts: - The Hermes spaceplane (ASH), a reusable shuttle with delta wings, a crew cabin for three astronauts and a 25-cubic metre pressurized payload section, - The Hermes resource module (MRH), an expendable conical element with a 28-cubic metre pressurized module, radiators, an airlock and a docking port, - The Hermes propulsion module (MPH), for orbital transfer (not shown in this version). The Hermes programme was approved in 1987 by ESA’s ministerial council as part of the Columbus effort. However, after several technical hurdles, redesigns and delays, as well as shifts in political priorities in Europe after the fall of the Soviet block, it was turned into a technological programme in 1992 and eventually shut down. The MTFF was cancelled in 1991 and the Freedom space station was redesigned in 1992 as the International Space Station (ISS) with a major contribution from Russia. The Hermes programme led numerous technological developments in Europe, mostly in the fields of thermostructural materials, aerothermodynamics and piloted reentry, with ground testing conducted on several elements, such as the composite nose cap. Technologies developed for Hermes were later applied to various ESA programmes such as the Atmospheric Reentry Demonstrator (ARD) in 1997 or the X-38 demonstrator with NASA (cancelled in 2003).
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